kael t



Patented Aug. 30, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE KARL THEODOR SCHAEFER AND JACK BITTER, OF JOHNSON CITY, TENNESSEE, AS- SIGNORS TO AMERICAN GLANZSTOFF CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

AFTER TREATMENT OF YARNS AND FILAMENTS No Drawing.

This invention relates to a method by which artificial yarn, especially viscose yarn, can be dyed, delustered and weighted by the use of only two baths. Until now these three steps have required at least three different working processes, that means, the dyeing was done in a special dyeingbath, the weight ing was done in a special weighting bath, and the delustering was done in a special delustering bath. According to our discovery these three processes can be accomplished through the use of only two baths.

We accomplish, by our improved process several new results and advantages. Among these may be enumerated;

(a) The use of only two baths to accomplish a result formerly requiring threebaths, or treatments;

(b) The production of a yarn which is either water repellant or not water repellant, yet has a soft hand.

(0) The yarn, while dyed and soft, is at the same time delustered.

'In a dyeing bath the textile fabrics are dyed in the usual way. This dyeing bath must contain water soluble sulphates or phosphates, such as, Na SO K PO etc. It must also contain a certain amount of water soluble organic fatty acids and soaps, or merely soaps or fatty acids. The soap may be added during the dyeing or after the exhaustion of the dye bath.

In carrying out our process, the yarns to be treated are first treated in the dyeing bath, as outlined above, the bath containing certain chemicals not ordinarily employed in dyeing. The yarns are then brought, without any intermediate rinsing, into a second bath. This bath contains a water soluble earth alkaline metal, as, for example, barium chloride. The function of this second bath is to form a precipitate upon the fibre. Such a precipitate contains both an insoluble salt of an earth alkaline metal and an insoluble soap. The insoluble soap precipitated upon the yarn is brought over from the first bath used.

Several advantages other than those enu-- Application filed May 10, 1930. Serial No. 451,511.

qualities such as a soft hand, subdued lustre,

Example 15 lbs. of knitted pieces made of rayon yarn, high lustre, are dipped in 100 gallons of water which contains 1 gallon monopol oil and 0.2 lbs. fastusol yellow, the temperature of the bath at the beginning being about 40 'C. After about 20 minutes, 5 lbs. of sodium sulphate are added and the temperature increased continuously to about 90 C. After about 45 minutes the dyeing bath is nearly exhausted and 1 lb. of soap is added, the pieces being kept in this bath about 5 minutes long er, and then brought, without any rinsing, to a second bath containing 13 lbs. of crystallized barium chloride in about 100 gallons of water. The temperature of this second bath is about 2040 C. The pieces are kept for about 30 minutes in this bath. After this the pieces are extracted, dried, and finished. A weighting of from about 11% and upwards has been obtained, the luster of the dyed yarn has been decreased, and the feeling is soft.

This example is merely indicative of the process, since exactly 1 gallon of monopol oil, and 0.2 lbs. fastusol yellow are not necessary. Other oils and dyes may be substituted, and the amounts varied as necessary to produce the desired effects. For ten pounds of knitted yarn, for example, a relative reduction in the quantity of chemicals used, may be employed.

Instead of the knitted pieces other kinds of textile fabrics can be used, for instance woven pieces, skeins, or artificial yarn wound on any kind of bobbins, for instance, Franklin bobbins etc. All dyes in general use for artificial silk and fibres may be used. Instead of monopol oil which was used in the above mentioned example, especially for equalizing, other water soluble oils can be used, such as Turkey red oil etc. Every kind of soap can be used, the soap can be substituted by soluble or emulsified fatty acids and vice versa.

Also thesoap can be added to the dyeing bath immediately. Instead of barium chloride all of the earth alkaline metals can be used, such as calcium, strontium etc. Instead of sodium sulphate other soluble sulphates or phosphates which form insoluble precipitates with earth alkaline metals, such as potassium and lithium, may be used. Generally, it is advisable to take some salt which helps to dye the filaments, such as glauber salt. But, aside from glauber salt, other salts may be used. We can take yarn which has already been delustred and produce a higher delustring effect.

We claim:

1. In a process for treating extruded yarns of regenerated cellulose, the steps of immersing the yarns in a bath containing a water soluble oil and a substantive dye plus sodium sulphate, and then, without any intermediate rinsing, passing the yarns into a second bath containing a water soluble salt of an earth alkaline metal.

2. In a process for treating extruded yarns of regenerated cellulose, the steps of immers- -ng the yarns in a bath containing a water soluble oil and a substantive dye plus sodium phosphate, and then, without any intermediate rinsing, passing the yarns into a second bath containing a water soluble salt of an earth alkaline metal.

3. In a process for treating extruded yarns or filaments of regenerated cellulose, the steps of immersing the yarns or filaments in a bath containing a water soluble oil and a substan;

tive dyestuff, plus an inorganic, water soluble salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphates and phosphates, and then, without any intermediate rinsing, immersing in a second bath containing a water soluble salt of an earth alkaline metal.

4. In a process for treating extruded yarns or filaments of regenerated cellulose, the steps of immersing the yarns or filaments in a bath containing monopol oil and a substantive dyestufi', plus an inorganic, water soluble salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphates and phosphates, and then, without any intermediate rinsing, immersing in a second bath containing a water soluble salt of an earth alkaline metal.

5. In a process for treating extruded yarns or filaments of regenerated cellulose, the steps of immersing the yarns or filaments in a bath containing a water soluble oil and fastusol yellow, plus an inorganic, water soluble salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphatesand phosphates, and then it without any intermediate rinsing, immersing in a second bath containing a water soluble salt of an earth alkaline metal.

6. In a process for treating extruded yarns or filaments of regenerated cellulose, the steps of immersing the yarns or filaments in a bath containing monopol oil and fastusol yellow, plus an inorganic water soluble salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphates and phosphates, and then without any intermediate rinsing, immersing in a second bath containing a water soluble salt of an earth alkaline metal.

7 In a process ofthe type set forth, the steps of treating viscose yarn or filaments first in a bath containing, for'fifteen pounds of the yarn or filaments, approximately, in

100 gallons of water:

1 gallon monopol oil, 0.2 pound fastusol yellow, and 5 pounds sodium sulphate,

increasing the temperature of the bath, adding soap thereto, then, without rinsing, passing the viscose yarn or filaments into a second bath containing, in 100 gallons of water, approximately 13 pounds of crystallized barium chloride.

8. In a process for dyeing, weighting and delustering extruded yarns of regenerated cellulose, the steps of subjecting the yarn to a bath comprising a dye for the regenerated cellulose and a Water-soluble salt which acts as a dye assistant, and then, without inter mediate washing, subjecting the yarn to a sec ond bath containing a water-soluble salt of an alkali earth metal which will react with said first named salt to produce a precipitate on and in the yarn.

9. In a process for dyeing, weighting and delustering extruded yarns of regenerated cellulose, the steps of subjecting the yarn toa bath comprising a substantive dye for the regenerated cellulose and a salt which acts as a dye assistant, and then, without intermediate washing, subjecting the yarn to a second bath containing a water-soluble salt of an alkali earth metal which will react with said first named salt to produce a precipitate on and in the yarn.

10. In a process for dyeing, weighting and delustering extruded yarns of viscose, the steps of subjecting the yarn to a bath comprising a dye for the regenerated cellulose and a water-soluble salt which acts as a dye assistant, and then, without intermediate washing, subjecting the yarn to a second bath containing a water-soluble salt of an alkali earth 'metal which will react with said first named salt to produce a precipitate on and in the yarn.

11. In a process for treating filaments of regenerated cellulose so that they may be dyed, weighted and delustered by the use of only two baths, the steps of subjecting the filaments to a bath containing a dye for the regenerated cellulose and an ingredient of a delusterin and weighting agent, the said ingredients eing adapted to act as a dye assisting agent and comprising a water-soluble salt, 5 and then, without the necessity of an intermediate rinsing, subjecting the filaments to a second bath containing a water-soluble salt of an earth alkaline metal capable of reacting with said first mentioned salt, to produce a 10 precipitate in and on the filaments. a

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures.

DR. KARL T. SCHAEFER. DR. JACK L. BITTER. 

